EPH - Unit 5 - Lesson 4 - Human Development Index

Unit 5: Family Life Education and Quality of Life

•       Topics discussion: Human Development Index.

•       Some sampled very short questions.

•       Some sampled short questions.

•       Some sampled long questions.

Lesson 4: Human Development Index

•       HDI were devised and launched by Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq in 1990.

•       Nobel laureate Amartya Sen utilized Haq's work in his own work on human capabilities.

•       It is statistical tool to measure the country’s overall achievement.

•       Every year UNDP publishes HDI report since 1990.

•       It ranks the countries of the world on the basis of following criteria:

1. Average life
2. Education
3. Income

•       HDI is expressed in the value for 0 to 1.

•       HDI is divided into four categories:

•       Less than 0.550 for low human development

•       0.550 to 0.699 for medium human development

•       0.700 to 0.799 for high human development

•       0.800 to 1.000 for very high human development index.

Nepal’s HDI Rank
Year	Rank	HDI Value
2004	140	0.504
2006	138	0.527
2012	137	0.526
2014	157	0.463
2018	149	0.574

HDI Rank of top ten countries of the world (UNDP, 2018)
HDI Rank	Country	HDI Value
1	Norway	0.953
2	Switzerland	0.944
3	Australia	0.939
4	Ireland	0.938
5	Germany	0.936
6	Iceland	0.935
7	Hong Kong, China	0.933
8	Sweden	0.933
9	Singapore	0.932
10	Netherlands	0.931

HDI Rank of SAARC countries (UNDP, 2018)
HDI Rank	Country	HDI Value
76	Sri Lanka	0.770
101	Maldives	0.717
130	India	0.640
134	Bhutan	0.612
136	Bangladesh	0.608
149	Nepal	0.574
150	Pakistan	0.562
168	Afghanisthan	0.498

Sampled Very Short Questions

1. What is the value of high human development index?
2. What is the measurement of human development index?
3. Which SAARC country has the highest HDI?
4. Write any one criterion to measure HDI?
5. Under which category of HDI from 0.5 to 0.799?
6. What is the score and rank of Nepal of HDI according to the HDI report, 2018?
7. Which country among the SAARC is at the lowest rank of HDI according to the HDI report, 2018?
8. Which country of the world has the first rank in HDI?
9. How many rank is divided of HDI?

Sampled Long Questions

1. Small family is the base of happiness. How does small family help in leading quality life?
2. What are the bases of quality of life? Which is effective in Nepal? Explain.
3. Make the list of nutritious food items for the babies up to two years.
4. Prepare a short report of quality of life of your family on the basis of income generation opportunities.

Report:

Role of Income Generation Opportunities in Achieving Quality of Life

•       Introduction: Quality of life is a state of one’s life in which s/he is able to fulfill her/his needs and desires to become happy and satisfied. There are various ways through which a family can achieve quality of life such as quality education, quality food, housing, small family size and so on. Income generation  opportunity is one of the ways to achieve quality of life. This report has been prepared on matter how income generation opportunity helps in achieving quality of life.

•    Methods of Study: Study of EPH Text book, discussion with my teachers and friends and primary observation of my own family and some other neighborhood family have been done.

•       Findings: Income generation opportunity is concerned with the quality of life. A family having a suitable income, expenditure and saving can have better quality of life. Income and saving can fulfill basic and additional needs and no any stress during needs and emergency. So life becomes happy and satisfied. But if there is no proper income generation opportunity, there is lack of fulfillment of additional and basic needs. Family members have to spend stressful life. I observed my own family and neighborhood family. In my family, there is sufficient source of income. My mother and father both are employed. Similarly we have ancestral property which earns sufficient monthly income. And we’ve enough saving because we focus on economic expenditure and have only four members. But in neighbor hood family, only head of family is employed with not enough salary and staying in rented house. So they have so many problems and always appear with stressful life.

•       Conclusion: Income generation opportunity is boom for all family members. They can achieve quality of life. If they have sufficient opportunity of income generation and saving, they become able to fulfill needs easily. Therefore, all family members have to effort for income generation and saving with economic expenditure.